Python

Officail site: python.org

快速开一个静态http服务: 进入文件夹, 然后 python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80

In Terminal, type pydoc raw_input Read what it says about “raw_input”. If you're on Windows try python -m pydoc raw_input instead. Get out of pydoc by typing q to quit.

learn python the hard way

# ex1: Print
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
print "I'd much rather you 'not'."
print 'I "said" do not touch this.'
print "世界,你好"
# on terminal, run ex1.py
python ex1.py
 
# ex2: Common
# This is a common
print "common" #This is a common too.
 
# ex3: Numbers and Math
# + - / * % < > <= >=
# more: **
print "Result is ", 2*2-3/1, "+", 7%6,"=", 2, "is", 2>1, 2**8
 
# ex4: Variables And Names
cars = 100
space_in_a_car = 4.0
 
# ex5: More Variables and Printing
my_name = 'lucy'
my_age = 16
print "My name is %s." % my_name
print "My name is %s, i am %d old." % ( my_name, my_age )
 
# ex6: Strings and Text
print "My name is: %r" % "lucy"  # Print "My name is:'lucy'".
print "My name is: '%s'" % "lucy"  # Print the same.
my_name = "My name is: %r"
print my_name % 'lucy' # Print the same.
 
# ex7: More Printing
print "a" + "b" + "c" * 5 # Print "abccccc"
 
# ex8: Printing, Printing
formatter = "%r %r %r %r"
print formatter % (1, 2, 3, 4)
print formatter % ("one", "two", "three", "four")
print formatter % (True, False, False, True)
print formatter % (formatter, formatter, formatter, formatter)
 
# ex9: Printing, Printing, Printing
# Here's some new strange stuff, remember type it exactly.
days = "Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun"
months = "Jan\nFeb\nMar\nApr\nMay\nJun\nJul\nAug"
print "Here are the days: ", days
print "Here are the months: ", months
print """
There's something going on here.
With the three double-quotes.
We'll be able to type as much as we like.
Even 4 lines if we want, or 5, or 6.
"""
# ex10
print "\t \\ \" '\"' "
 
# ex11: Asking Questions
print "How old are you?", # We put a "," (comma) at the end of each print line. This is so print doesn't end the line with a newline character and go to the next line.
age = raw_input()
print "So, you're %r old" % age
 
# ex12: Prompting People
age = raw_input("How old are you ?")
 
# ex13: Parameters, Unpacking, Variables
from sys import argv
script, first, second, third = argv
print "The script is called:", script
print "Your first variable is:", first
print "Your second variable is:", second
print "Your third variable is:", third
 
# ex14: Prompting and Passing
# Nothing impresses me.
 
# ex15: Reading Files
print "Type the filename :"
filename= raw_input("> ")
txt= open(filename)
print txt_again.read()
 
# ex16: Reading and Writing Files
# class file's function:
# close : like save
# read: 
# seek:
# readline -- Reads just one line of a text file.
# truncate -- Empties the file. Watch out if you care about the file.
# write('stuff')
# writeline
my_file.open('tmp.txt', 'w')
my_file.write('first line \n')
 
# ex17: More files
# Nothing impresses me.
 
# ex18: Names, Variables, Code, Functions
# create a function by using the word 'def'
def my_function(*args):
    arg1,arg2=args
    print "arg1:%r, arg2:%r" % (arg1, arg2)
#or
def print_two_again(arg1, arg2):
    print "arg1: %r, arg2: %r" % (arg1, arg2)
 
# ex19: Functions and Variables 
# ex20: Functions and Files
# ex21: Functions Can Return Something by "return"
# ex22: What Do You Know So Far?
# ex23: Read Some Code
# ex24: More Practice
# Nothing impresses me.
 
# ex25: Even More Practice
# in ex25.py file:
def break_words(stuff):
    """This function will break up words for us."""
    words = stuff.split(' ')
    return words
# usage ex25.py in Terminal:
import ex25
ex25.break_words("Hello world") # call function 'break_words' in ex25.py
help(ex25) # show help info about ex25.py
help(ex25.break_words) # show help info about function break_words in module ex25
# Typing 'ex25' is annoying. A shortcut is to do your import like this: 'from ex25 import * ' which is like saying, "Import everything from ex25."
from ex25 import *
break_words("Hello world")
 
# ex26: Congratulations, Take a Test!
# Nothing.
 
# ex27: Memorizing Logic
# terms:
and, or, not, !=, ==, >=, <=, True, False
 
# ex28: Boolean Practice
# Nothing impresses me.
 
# ex29: What If
# ex30: Else and If
# ex31: Making Decisions
people = 20
cats = 30
if cars > people:
    print "We should take the cars."
elif cars < people:
    print "We should not take the cars."
else:
    print "We can't decide."
 
# ex32: Loops and Lists
the_count = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
fruits = ['apples', 'oranges', 'pears', 'apricots']
change = [1, 'pennies', 2, 'dimes', 3, 'quarters']
# this first kind of for-loop goes through a list
for number in the_count:
    print "This is count %d" % number
for fruit in fruits:
    print "A fruit of type: %s" % fruit
# also we can go through mixed lists too
# notice we have to use %r since we don't know what's in it
for i in change:
    print "I got %r" % i
# we can also build lists, first start with an empty one
elements = []
# then use the range function to do 0 to 5 counts
for i in range(0, 6):
    print "Adding %d to the list." % i
    elements.append(i)
# now we can print them out too
for i in elements:
    print "Element was: %d" % i
 
# ex33: While Loops
i = 0
numbers = []
while i < 6:
    numbers.append(i)
    i += 1;
for num in numbers:
    print num