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Puppet
facter
Learning Puppet 笔记
Resources and the RAL
- Resources: Imagine a system’s configuration as a collection of many independent atomic units; call them “resources.”
- 资源可分类
- 资源类型描述抽离于它的具体操作步骤
- Puppet 指定资源的期望状态，而不是直接指定具体操作
- 以上三点组成 Puppet 的资源抽象层 （RAL）， RAL 包括 types（高级别抽象模型） 和 providers（平台相关实现），这样可以使用平台无关的方式来描述资源得期望状态。
- 每个资源（Resource ）的描述包括： resource type, one title, a number of attributes, each attribute has a value
user { 'dave': ensure => present, uid => '507', gid => 'admin', shell => '/bin/ksh', home => '/home/dave', managehome => true, }This syntax is called a resource declaration
- Resource Types : puppet_core_types_cheatsheet.pdf, the type references
puppet describe: Thepuppet describesubcommand can list info about the currently installed resource types on a given machine.puppet resource: Puppet includes a command calledpuppet resource, which can interactively inspect and modify resources on a single system. Usage:# puppet resource <TYPE> [<NAME>] [ATTRIBUTE=VALUE ...]
Manifests
.pp: Puppet programs are called “manifests,” and they use the.ppfile extension.- 完整语法链接： lang resources
- 大括号，冒号，逗号要正确
- 大小写敏感。 类型（type）和属性（attributes）名必须小写
- 字符串值的书写: datatypes
- All types have a special attribute called the namevar, 该属性缺失就默认以 title 替代
- Before being applied, manifests get compiled into a document called a catalog
puppet apply <.pp file >- Puppet agent/master
Resource Ordering
- You can embed relationship information in a resource with the
before,require,notify, andsubscribemetaparameters. - You can also declare relationships outside a resource with the
→and~>chaining arrows. - Relationships can be either ordering (this before that) or ordering-with-notification (this before that, and tell that whether this was changed).
- Puppet’s relationship behaviors and syntaxes are documented in the Puppet reference manual page on relationships.
- The
orderingsetting inpuppet.confdetermines the order in which unrelated resources are applied.
Variables, Conditionals, and Facts
- Variables: 语法类似 php, 但实际是常量，只能被赋值一次， 不能修改。
- Conditionals:
if,elseif,else,case,default - Puppet has a bunch of built-in, pre-assigned variables that you can use.
- Facts: facts ,Puppet uses a tool called Facter, which discovers some system information, normalizes it into a set of variables, and passes them off to Puppet. Puppet’s compiler then has access to those facts when it’s reading a manifest.
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